新的胆固醇指南可能有助于降低胆固醇水平

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新的胆固醇指南可能有助于降低胆固醇水平

A new study says that a change in health recommendations might lead to lower cholesterol levels and more treatment for people with high levels of heart disease risk.
一项新的研究声称，健康建议的某项更改可能会导致胆固醇水平降低，并为心脏病风险较高的人群提供更多治疗方法。

Dr. Pankaj Arora, of the University of Alabama at Birmingham, led the study. The news "is very heartening," Arora said, "but there is more to do."
阿拉巴马大学伯明翰分校的潘卡基·阿罗拉主持了这项研究。阿罗拉表示，这个消息“非常令人振奋，但是还有很多工作要做。”

*heartening   adj.令人振奮的  

Heart disease is the world's leading killer
心脏病是全球头号杀手

Heart disease is the world's leading killer and high cholesterol is a key risk factor. Doctors have long treated patients based mostly on their level of so-called "bad" cholesterol, known as LDL.
心脏病是全球头号杀手，高胆固醇是一项关键的危险因素。医生们长期以来主要根据患者所谓的低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平对其进行治疗。

In 2013, new guidelines in the United States urged doctors to examine people's overall heart risk. In other words, the guidelines recommended that doctors consider age, blood pressure, diabetes and other factors.
2013年，美国新的胆固醇指南督促医生们检查人们的总体心脏病风险。换句话说，该指南建议医生考虑年龄、血压、糖尿病以及其它因素。

The idea was that people with the highest risk would get the most benefit from cholesterol-lowering medications called statins.
其理念是，高风险人群会从被称为他汀类药物的降胆固醇药物中获得最大受益。

Research and findings
研究与发现

The researchers studied records from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. These records tracked cholesterol information from more than 32,000 adults between 2005 and 2016.
研究人员研究了美国疾病控制与预防中心的病例。这些病例跟踪了2005年到2016年之间32000多名成年人的胆固醇数据。

Among people taking statins, the average level of "bad" cholesterol dropped 21 points over the study period. Total cholesterol levels and another kind of fat in the blood also decreased.
服用他汀类药物的人群在研究期间的低密度脂蛋白平均水平下降了21%。血液中的总胆固醇水平以及另一种脂肪也有所下降。

The researchers reported their findings in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology.
研究人员在《美国心脏病学会杂志》上报告了他们的发现。

Dr. Michael Miller is a heart disease expert at the University of Maryland Medical Center. He was not involved with the study.
迈克尔·米勒博士是马里兰大学医学中心的心脏病专家。他没有参与这项研究。

Miller said, "these are surprisingly impressive results" that together predict a 15 to 20 percent reduction in risk of heart attacks and strokes.
米勒表示，“这些意外引人注目的研究结果”加起来预计可以让心脏病发作和中风的风险降低15%到20%。

In addition, there was an increase in statin use by people with diabetes. Over the study period, that number increased from less than half to over 60 percent.
此外，糖尿病患者对他汀类药物的使用也有所增加。在研究期间，该数字从不到一半增加到了60%以上。

"It's very important for those with a diagnosis of diabetes to not get that first heart attack," said Dr. Neil J. Stone of Northwestern University. Stone led the development of the 2013 guidelines from the American College of Cardiology and the American Heart Association. He also co-wrote an update last year.
美国西北大学的尼尔·斯通博士表示：“对糖尿病患者来说，杜绝心脏病的首次发作非常重要。”斯通主持了美国心脏病学会和美国心脏协会2013年胆固醇指南的制定。他也参与了去年胆固醇指南的更新。

Dr. Arora warned that other high-risk groups have not seen an increase in treatment. He added that still too many people do not know if they have a cholesterol problem.
阿罗拉博士警告说，对其它高危人群的治疗并未增加。他补充说，仍然有很多人不知道自己是否存在胆固醇问题。

The advice for patients? Dr. Miller suggested getting a cholesterol check if you have not had one recently.
对患者有什么建议？米勒博士建议如果你最近没查过胆固醇，就去查一下。

I'm John Russell.
我是约翰·拉塞尔。(51VOA.COM原创翻译，禁止转载，违者必究！)

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Wildfires, Power Cuts Hit Northern, Southern California

                                      

Hundreds of thousands of families in California are being affected by wildfires in the state, and as many as 1.5 million people may lose electrical power.
加州成千上万家庭正受到该州发生的野火的影响，并且可能会有多达150万人面临停电。

The company Pacific Gas & Electric (PG&E) called for another blackout early Tuesday in 29 northern California counties. An earlier power outage that started Saturday affected 2.5 million people, the Associated Press reported.
太平洋天然气和电力公司周二早上要求在北加州29个县再次停电。美联社报道称，上次停电从周六开始，影响了250万人。

l   blackout  n (U)停電

 There is an electricity blackout in a large area in the north of the country.

*outage  n (U)停電期

   A windstorm in Washton is causing power outages  throughout the reigon.

PG & E is the nation's biggest utility company. But it has been severely criticized for the last two years over the part it has played in fires in the state and how it has provided electricity during those times.
太平洋天然气和电力公司是该州最大的公用事业公司。但是人们严厉批评了该公司过去两年在该州的野火中所扮演的角色以及

它在这段时间内是如何供电的。

l   utility  n (c)  公共事務  ( PL )

 the administration of public utilities  (公共事務管理)

Some Californians are unhappy with the company's decision to cut electricity. Janet Luoma of Santa Rosa told the Associated Press, "It's so obvious it's just to protect them from more liability."
一些加州人对该公司的停电决定感到不满。圣罗莎的珍妮特·洛马对美联社表示：“很明显这只是防止他们要承担更大责任。”

l   liability   n. (U)  責任, 義務

              (C) 欠債,負債

The company cannot accept liability for any damage caused by natural disasters.    (責任)

The company is  reported to have liabilities of nearly  90000  US  dollars.  (負債)

California Governor Gavin Newsom has grown accustomed to fires. "What's interesting about the fires at this moment is that it's rather normal," he told reporters Monday. "What's not normal is the power shutoffs," he added.
加州州长加文·钮瑟姆已经对野火见惯不惊了。他周一对记者表示：“目前关于野火的有趣之处是，野火很正常，但是停电不正常。”

l   shutoffs 關閉

The fires have affected or destroyed many homes across the state. They have even affected people who live in costly neighborhoods in southern California. NBA Basketball superstar LeBron James was forced to leave the area where he and his family live and tweeted about it on Sunday:
野火影响到或是烧毁了州内各地的许多房屋。它们甚至影响到了南加州豪华社区的居民。NBA篮球巨星勒布朗·詹姆斯周日就被迫离开了他和家人居住的地方，他就此发布了推文：

"Man these LA fires aren't no joke. Had to emergency evacuate my house and I've been driving around with my family trying to get rooms. No luck so far! "
“伙计们，洛杉矶野火可不是开玩笑的。我得从家里紧急撤离，我开着车带着家人四处找地方住。到现在还没找到。”

 

l    evacuate    v疏散,撤離

l   evacuation   n  撤離

massive evacuation 大撤離

In Northern California, schools are closed in some areas while others do not have power. Stores in Oakland, near San Francisco, are using generators. And many people use their cars to charge their electronic devices.
在北加州，一些地区的学校已经关闭，而另一些地区则停了电。靠近旧金山的奥克兰市的商店开始使用发电机。许多人用车给电子设备充电。

Affecting north and south
影响加州南北

The fire is affecting areas in both the northern and southern parts of the nation's second largest state by land area.
这场野火同时影响到了加州这个美国第二大州的北部和南部地区。

In the north, the California Department of Forestry & Fire Protection says the Kincade Fire is affecting more than 30,000 hectares in Sonoma County. The fire has been burning for five days and is only 15 percent contained. Sonoma County is famous for wine growing. The AP reported that 96 buildings were destroyed in the county as of Tuesday. But it is only one of the fires in the area.
在加州北部，加州林业与消防局表示，“金凯德野火”影响到了索诺马县超过3万公顷的土地。这场野火已经烧了5天，只有15%的火势被控制。索诺马县以葡萄种植闻名。美联社报道称，截止周二，该县已经有96栋建筑被烧毁。但是它只是该地区发生的野火之一。

In southern California one of the fires has destroyed homes near the Getty Museum which holds a major art collection and library. However, while eight homes nearby were burned the museum is in better condition than other structures. It is made of stone and has a huge water storage tank.
在加州南部，一场野火烧毁了拥有大量艺术品和藏书的盖蒂博物馆附近的房屋。但是尽管附近有8栋房屋被烧毁，该博物馆的状况要强于其它建筑。它是由石头建成，并且有一个巨大的儲水箱。

Strong winds are feeding the fires and spreading them quickly. Weather experts on Tuesday said they expected strong winds in the north with little chance of rain.
强风助长了火势并迅速蔓延，气象专家周二表示，他们预计北部会有强风，并且降雨概率很小。

Scotty Richardson spoke to AP about his experience. He lost power on Saturday. He said the possibility that electricity will not be restored for days makes him "furious, furious."
斯科蒂·理查森向美联社讲述了他的经历。他周六遇到了停电。他说，可能好几天都来不了电让他感觉很愤怒。

l   furious  adj憤怒的

Last week, PG & E admitted that its equipment might have been the cause of fires in some areas.
上周，太平洋天然气和电力公司承认某些地区的野火可能是由该公司的设备引发的。